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Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis of aPWV

From: Left ventricular twist mechanics and its relation with aortic stiffness in chronic kidney disease patients without overt cardiovascular disease

 

Crude

 

Adjusteda

 

Adjustedb

 
 

Standardized β

P -value

Standardized β

p-value

Standardized β

p-value

Age

0.635

<0.001*

0.492

<0.001*

0.467

<0.001*

Gender

−0.172

0.079

−0.019

0.654

−0.013

0.691

BSA (g/m2)

0.27

0.187

0.031

0.238

0.345

0.459

Hemoglobin (g/L)

−0.150

0.131

−0.059

0.481

−0.098

0.221

Hyperlipidemia

0.242

0.013*

0.118

0.144

0.065

0.433

Peripheral systolic BP (mmHg)

0.397

<0.001*

0.185

0.024*

0.169

0.059

Diabetes (%)

0.589

<0.001*

0.555

<0.001*

0.532

<0.001*

Hypertension (%)

0.308

<0.001*

0.294

0.013*

0.158

0.050*

BMI (g/m2)

0.055

0.579

−0.156

0.063

−0.133

0.118

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

−0.410

<0.001*

−0.259

0.003*

−0.234

0.008*

Echocardiographic parameters

      

 Simpsons biplane EF(%)

−0.117

0.237

−0.036

0.646

−0.094

0.634

 TDI S’ - septal (cm/s)

0.186

0.03 *

0.120

0.058

0.101

0.093

 E/e’(average)

0.387

<0.001*

0.192

0.022*

0.113

0.089

 LVMI (g/m2)

0.379

<0.001*

0.165

0.03*

0.143

0.042*

 LV Twist(°)

0.388

0.003*

0.181

0.019*

0.163

0.025*

 GLS(%)

0.300

0.01*

0.186

0.09

0.060

0.130

 GCS(%)

0.046

0.197

0.018

0.458

0.010

0.634

  1. Standardized coefficients (β) refer to how many SDs a dependent variable (aPWV) will change, per standard deviation increase in the predictor variable. n = 106
  2. *statistically significant
  3. CKD chronic kidney disease; BSA body surface area; BP blood pressure; LVMI left ventricular mass index; eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate; EF ejection fraction; LV left ventricular
  4. aAdjusted for age, gender, diabetes, SBP, BMI, treated hyperlipidaemia, eGFR and family history of ischaemic heart disease
  5. bAdjusted for factors in Model 2 plus antihypertensive medication (b-blockers, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers) and prednisolone