HFpEF (n = 52) | HFrEF (n = 32) | Normal (n = 42) | Age matched Control (n = 26) | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 58.1 ± 8.2 | 56.7 ± 8 | 27.3 ± 3.95 | 53 ± 11.474 | < 0.001 #‡€ |
Sex, (female), n(%) | 19(37) | 9(28) | 5(12) | 17(65) | < 0.001 |
Diabetic, n(%) | 21(40) | 11(34) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0.009 |
Hypertensive, n(%) | 23(44) | 12(38) | 0(0) | 8(31) | < 0.001 |
Hyperlipidemia, n(%) | 8(15) | 3(9) | 0(0) | 1(4) | 0.292 |
Smoker, n(%) | 14(27) | 8(25) | 0(0) | 4(15) | 0.037 |
Coronary artery disease, n(%) | 17(33) | 16(50) | 0(0) | 2(8) | < 0.001 |
PCI, n(%) | 8(15) | 9(19) | 0(0) | 1(4) | 0.210 |
CABG, n(%) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 1.000 |
NYHA (1/2/3/4), n(%) | 4(8)/31(60)/15(29)/0(0) | 1(3)/18(56)/11(34)/2(6) | - | - | |
E (cm/s) | 75 ± 27 | 88.7 ± 21.5 | 82.7 ± 16.7 | 71 ± 18.5 | 0.011*$ |
A (cm/s) | 81.8 ± 20.7 | 71.2 ± 33.8 | 56 ± 8.1 | 76.2 ± 21.6 | < 0.001¶€ |
EDV (ml) | 99.2 ± 21.7 | 152.5 ± 54.3 | 95.4 ± 17.8 | 87.8 ± 19.3 | < 0.001*‡$ |
ESV (ml) | 35.4 ± 10.3 | 96.2 ± 49.8 | 32.2 ± 7.7 | 30.7 ± 10 | < 0.001*‡$ |
EF (%) | 65 ± 5.1 | 38.9 ± 9.2 | 66.3 ± 5.1 | 61.5 ± 4.7 | < 0.001*‡$€ |
e'-septal (cm/s) | 6.5 ± 1.9 | 5.6 ± 1.7 | 11 ± 2.4 | 8.6 ± 2.3 | < 0.001#¶‡$€ |
S'-Septal (cm/s) | 7.5 ± 1.5 | 5.6 ± 1.8 | 8.2 ± 1.6 | 8.27 ± 1.8 | < 0.001*‡$ |
e'-lateral (cm/s) | 8.4 ± 2.8 | 7.1 ± 2.5 | 14 ± 2.8 | 10.9 ± 2.8 | < 0.001*‡$€ |
S'-lateral (cm/s) | 7.9 ± 2 | 6.2 ± 1.8 | 10.1 ± 2 | 8.9 ± 1.9 | < 0.001*#‡$ |
e'-mean (cm/s) | 7.5 ± 2.2 | 6.3 ± 1.9 | 12.5 ± 2.5 | 9.8 ± 2.4 | < 0.001#¶‡$€ |
S’-mean (cm/s) | 7.7 ± 1.5 | 5.9 ± 1.5 | 9.2 ± 1.6 | 8.5 ± 1.6 | < 0.001*#‡$ |
E/A | 0.96 ± 0.45 | 1.41 ± 0.77 | 1.52 ± 0.41 | 0.96 ± 0.25 | < 0.001*#$€ |
E/e' | 10.7 ± 4.4 | 14.6 ± 4.55 | 6.63 ± 0.83 | 7.6 ± 1.73 | < 0.001*#¶‡$ |
PREp (septal), (cm/s) | 6.8 ± 2.2 | 4.5 ± 1.9 | 7.9 ± 2.3 | 7.8 ± 2.1 | < 0.001*‡$ |
PREn (septal), (cm/s) | 3.3 ± 1.6 | 3.1 ± 1.5 | 3 ± 1.3 | 3.1 ± 1.3 | 0.793 |
POEn (septal), (cm/s) | 3.3 ± 1.1 | 2.6 ± 0.98 | 4.5 ± 1 | 4.2 ± 1.2 | < 0.001*#¶‡$ |
POEp (septal), (cm/s) | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 2.7 ± 1.5 | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 0.002#‡ |
PREp (lateral), (cm/s) | 5.7 ± 2.5 | 4.1 ± 1.4 | 6.8 ± 1.8 | 7.5 ± 2.4 | < 0.001*¶‡$ |
PREn (lateral), (cm/s) | 4 ± 1.2 | 3.5 ± 1.8 | 3.2 ± 1.4 | 3 ± 1.08 | 0.014¶ |
POEn (lateral), (cm/s) | 3.3 ± 1.1 | 2.3 ± 0.8 | 4.8 ± 1.6 | 3.5 ± 1.1 | < 0.001*#‡$€ |
POEp (lateral), (cm/s) | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 2.1 ± 0.7 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | < 0.001#¶‡$ |
PREp (mean), (cm/s) | 6.3 ± 2.2 | 4.3 ± 1.6 | 7.1 ± 1.7 | 7.2 ± 1.9 | < 0.001*‡$ |
PREn (mean), (cm/s) | 3.7 ± 1.1 | 3.3 ± 1.4 | 3.1 ± 0.96 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 0.016¶ |
POEn (mean), (cm/s) | 3.3 ± 1 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 3.9 ± 1.4 | 3.7 ± 0.9 | < 0.001*#‡$ |
POEp (mean), (cm/s) | 2.6 ± 0.7 | 2.8 ± 0.99 | 2.6 ± 1.2 | 1.98 ± 0.63 | 0.005¶€ |
PREp/PREn (PRE-P/N) | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 1.03 | 2.5 ± 1.05 | 2.6 ± 0.7 | < 0.001#¶‡$ |
POEn/POEp (POE-N/P) | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.1 ± 1.04 | 2.2 ± 1.07 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | < 0.001#¶‡$ |
PREp-mean/S’-mean | 0.82 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.22 | 0.182 |
LBBB, n(%)(**) | 1(2%) | 7(22%) | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 0.519 |
RBBB, n(%)(**) | 3(6%) | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 1(4%) | 0.626 |
IVCD, n(%)(**) | 0(0%) | 4(13%) | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 0.041 |
QRS duration, ms | 84.4 ± 12.7 | 96.2 ± 24 | 72.6 ± 11 | 79.2 ± 18 | < 0.001*‡$ |