| Students with all tests completed (n = 27) | Students without 8-week post-training tests completed (n = 27) | All participating students (n = 54) |
---|---|---|---|
1st year/2nd year student | 17 (63)/10 (37) | 10 (37)/17 (63) | 27 (50)/27 (50) |
Age (years) | 25.0 ± 3.6 | 25.1 ± 2.5 | 25.1 ± 3.1 |
Female | 10 (37) | 17 (63) | 27 (50) |
Left hand dominant | 2 (7) | 2 (7) | 4 (7) |
Pre-training skill test score (10-point maximum) | 3.20 ± 1.48 | 2.21 ± 1.75 | 2.70 ± 1.68 |
Pre-training knowledge test score (40-point maximum) | 17.1 ± 9.5 | 13.8 ± 9.6 | 15.4 ± 9.6 |
First-choice residency program | IM 6 (22) GS 6 (22) EM 5 (19) Ortho 4 (15) Peds 3 (11) Others 2 (7) Undecided 1 (4) | IM 7 (26) Peds 4 (15) EM 3 (11) GS 3 (11) FM 3 (11) OB/GYN 3 (11) Others 3 (11) Undecided 1 (4) | IM 13 (24) GS 9 (17) EM 8 (15) Peds 7 (13) FM 4 (7) Ortho 4 (7) Others 7 (13) Undecided 2 (4) |
Previous ultrasound training experience | |||
 Structured ultrasound hands-on training or lecture | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
 Unstructured ultrasound hands-on training or lecture | 15 (56) | 8 (30) | 23 (43) |
 Cardiac ultrasound on patients | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) |
 Observation of a cardiac ultrasound on patients | 16 (59) | 14 (52) | 30 (56) |
 Cardiac ultrasound on healthy volunteers | 21 (78) | 13 (48) | 34 (63) |
 Cardiac ultrasound on simulators | 2 (7) | 1 (4) | 3 (6) |
 Experience using HHU (Butterfly iQ) | 4 (15) | 4 (15) | 8 (15) |
Completion of pre-training self-study of the ASE online module | 27 (100) | 26 (96) | 53 (98) |
ASE online module review between immediate post-training tests and 8-week post-training tests | 6 (22) | NA | NA |
Review of textbooks or websites other than the ASE module between immediate post-training tests and 8-week post-training tests | 11 (41) | NA | NA |
Additional hands-on training between immediate post-training tests and 8-week post-training tests | 0 (0) | NA | NA |