Table 4 Right heart parameters at baseline and twelve-month follow-up of patients who developed carcinoid heart disease during follow-up

Duration from baseline to follow-up in months

14

12

12

NYHA class

I

I

I

N. A

III

II

NTproBNP, ng/l

N.A

N.A

N.A

4053

544

643

Therapy

Cardiac intervention or operation (months since diagnosis)

None

Surgical tricuspid valve replacement (63)

None

None

None

Transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation (38), surgical tricuspid valve replacement (41)

Medication

Angiotensin II receptor blocker, beta blocker, calcium antagonist, diuretics

Diuretics

ACE inhibitor, beta blocker, diuretics

LVEF, %

55

51

62

60

53

59

RVOT-VTI, cm

N. A

10

38

11

12

N. A

TAPSE, mm

22

16

22

25

18

16

RV-Sʹ, cm/s

13

9

15

15

10

7

MPEI

0.63

0.51

0.32

0.76

0.55

0.34

Free wall RV strain, %

-26.2

-23.0

-31.6

-37.0

-17.1

-19.7

Global RV strain, %

-19.5

-19.5

-25.7

-30.7

-14.3

-17.8

RVD basal, mm

39

46

36

32

32

29

RVD mid, mm

40

38

29

27

32

25

RV apex-base, mm

96

68

68

82

69

73

RVOT1, mm

38

41

37

40

30

24

RVOT2, mm

29

32

17

35

23

21

RA area, cm2

16

32

14

19

20

18

TR

mild

None^a

mild

moderate

moderate

mild^a

TS

none

none^a

none

none

none

none^a

PR

none

moderate

none

none

moderate

severe^b

PS

none

none

none

none

none

none^b