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Table 5 Clinical characteristics of patients with refractory hypertension (group III), according to dipping status.

From: Non-dipper treated hypertensive patients do not have increased cardiac structural alterations

 

Dippers (n= 36)

 

Nondippers (n= 63)

P

Age (years)

53.8 ± 13.5

 

57.8 ± 11.4

NS

Gender (M/F)

24/12

 

23/40

NS

Body mass index (kg/m2)

28.5 ± 3.6

 

27.6 ± 4.9

NS

Duration of HT (years)

7.2 ± 5.4

 

7.1 ± 5.2

NS

Current smokers (%)

29.9

 

22.1

NS

Heart rate (b/min)

71.5 ± 10.4

 

69.2 ± 10.9

NS

  

Clinic BP

  

SBP (mmHg)

160.1 ± 22.0

 

165.9 ± 23.6

NS

DBP (mmHg)

99.9 ± 11.2

 

97.0 ± 11.4

NS

  

Ambulatory BP

  

24-h SBP (mmHg)

142.5 ± 14.6

 

144.9 ± 18.0

NS

24-h DBP (mmHg)

88.2 ± 10.3

 

84.2 ± 12.4

NS

Daytime SBP (mmHg)

149.0 ± 15.2

 

146.3 ± 19.4

NS

Daytime DBP (mmHg)

93.6 ± 11.0

 

87.6 ± 11.1

0.05

Nighttime SBP (mmHg)

126.7 ± 13.4

 

140.4 ± 19.4

0.001

Nighttime DBP (mmHg)

74.2 ± 9.0

 

79.8 ± 10.8

0.05

Blood glucose (mmol/l)

5.37 ± 0.66

 

5.97 ± 2.03

NS

T serum cholesterol (mmol/l)

5.83 ± 1.09

 

5.63 ± 0.95

NS

Serum creatinine (μmol/l)

95.01 ± 21.02

 

87.76 ± 24.30

NS

LVM (g)

249.5 ± 84.6

 

228.7 ± 74.6

NS

LVMI (g/m2)

130.6 ± 37.8

 

126.6 ± 33.7

NS

LVMI (g/m2.7)

61.2 ± 17.4

 

58.4 ± 17.5

NS

RWT

0.43 ± 0.06

 

0.45 ± 0.08

NS

SF (%)

38.4 ± 7.4

 

38.2 ± 7.9

NS

E/A

1.0 ± 0.3

 

1.1 ± 0.2

NS