Figure 1From: Shortening of atrioventricular delay at increased atrial paced heart rates improves diastolic filling and functional class in patients with biventricular pacing Effect of AV delay optimization on diastolic filling. Mitral inflow (A and B), pulmonary vein inflow (C and D), and LV outflow PW Doppler (E and F) at baseline (Apace 60 AV delay 150, LV 16 ms): A, C, and E) and optimal (A-paced 60 beats/min, AV delay 190 ms, VV0 ms: B, D, and F) pacemaker settings. An increase in A wave duration occurred (B), and pulmonary vein pattern changed so that systolic fraction increased, S wave deceleration time increased (D) and increased pulmonary vein atrial reversal (C) was abolished indicating reduction in left atrial pressure. An improvement in percentage LV ejection time also occurred (F).Back to article page