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Table 1 Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of the total study population and groups of patients with high vs. normal global left ventricular load at baseline

From: Global left ventricular load in asymptomatic aortic stenosis: covariates and prognostic implication (the SEAS trial)

 

Total study population (N=1418)

Normal global LV load (N=1166)

High global LV load (N=252)

P value

Age (yrs)

67±10

67±10

70±9

<0.001

Female gender (%)

39

37

45

0.015

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

145±20

146±20

155±21

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

83±10

82±10

86±10

<0.001

Body mass index (kg/m2)

26.9±4.3

26.7±4.2

27.4±4.5

0.053

Mean blood pressure (mmHg)

104±11

104±11

109±12

<0.001

Pulse pressure (mmHg)

65±18

64±18

70±19

<0.001

Hypertension (%)

83

81

93

<0.001

Heart rate (bmp)

66±11

65±11

68±12

0.001

Antihypertensive treatment (%)

57

55

60

0.078

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (%)

15

15

15

0.933

Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (%)

11

11

10

0.737

Calcium Antagonist (%)

17

16

19

0.213

Beta Blocker (%)

28

27

32

0.126

Alpha Blocker

2

2

4

0.006

LV mass index (g/m2.7)

46.2±14.9

46.0±14.8

45.5±14.0

0.659

LV hypertrophy (%)

37

37

36

<0.001

Relative wall thickness (%)

0.36±0.09

0.36±0.08

0.36±0.10

0.769

Normal LV geometry (%)

57

55

57

0.658

Ejection fraction (%)

66±7

67±6

66±7

0.014

Low ejection fraction (%)

1

1

3

0.064

Mitral regurgitation

    

Grade 1 (%)

38

39

37

0.567

Grade 2(%)

10

9

13

0.089

Grade 3 (%)

1

1

1

0.418

Aortic regurgitation

    

Grade 1 (%)

43

43

45

0.550

Grade 2(%)

16

17

13

0.109

Grade 3 (%)

1

1

1

0.604

Aortic annulus (cm)

2.19±0.26

2.24±0.26

1.98±0.20

<0.001

Sinotubular aortic diameter (cm)

2.81±0.44

2.83±0.44

2.73±0.42

<0.001

Ascending aorta diameter (cm)

3.92±0.58

3.93±0.58

3.88±0.54

0.250

Peak aortic jet velocity (m/s)

3.08±0.54

3.07±0.53

3.13±0.56

0.131

Aortic valve area (cm2)

1.27±0.45

1.37±0.45

0.86±0.25

<0.001

Energy loss index

0.90±0.47

0.98±0.47

0.55±0.20

<0.001

Mean transaortic gradient (mmHg)

23±9

22±9

24±9

0.026

Systemic arterial compliance

0.71±0.29

0.83±0.33

0.43±0.10

<0.001

Zva (mm Hg/ml · m2)

4.13±1.35

3.50±0.80

5.91±0.92

NA

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

5.73±1.02

5.70±1.03

5.86±0.96

0.024

Serum creatinine (mmol/L)

93±16

93±15

95±17

0.283

Doppler Stroke volume (ml)

85±25

91±24

58±10

<0.001

LV end-diastolic volume, by biplane Simpson (ml)

76±25

76±25

79±25

0.125

LV end-systolic volume, by biplane Simpson (ml)

43±22

42±22

47±24

0.022

Cardiac output by Doppler(L/min)

5.5±1.8

5.9±1.7

3.9±1.0

0.757

Cardiac index (L/min/m2)

2.9±0.9

3.1±09

2.1±0.5

0.629

  1. LV: left ventricular.