Overall | Group 1 | Group 2 | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 82) | (n = 16) | (n = 66) | ||
LAAT or sludge | No changes | |||
Standard transthoracic echocardiogram data | ||||
Indexed LA volume (mL/m2) | 47.0 ± 13.1 | 52.3 ± 13.2 | 45.8 ± 12.9 | 0.072 |
LVEF (%) | 51.2 ± 12.7 | 49.3 ± 15.6 | 51.7 ± 12.0 | 0.734 |
Indexed LA volume / LVEF (mL/m2/%) | 1.01 ± 0.55 | 1.24 ± 0.74 | 0.96 ± 0.49 | 0.153 |
Mitral regurgitation II/IV | 18.3% (15) | 12.5% (2) | 19.7% (13) | 0.504 |
E (cm/s) | 97.8 ± 22.7 | 99.8 ± 20.0 | 97.2 ± 23.5 | 0.695 |
E’ (cm/s) | 11.4 ± 2.4 | 11.6 ± 2.5 | 10.5 ± 1.9 | 0.113 |
E/E’ ratio | 9.0 ± 3.2 | 9.8 ± 2.6 | 8.8 ± 3.3 | 0.268 |
Speckle tracking derived parameters | ||||
Av. peak positive LA strain (%) | 11.6 ± 5.2 | 10.9 ± 3.5 | 11.8 ± 5.5 | 0.433 |
Av. peak negative LA strain (%) | -4.0 ± 2.2 | -3.5 ± 2.4 | -4.1 ± 2.1 | 0.122 |
Av. peak-to-peak LA strain (%) | 15.5 ± 5.0 | 14.4 ± 3.6 | 15.8 ± 5.3 | 0.312 |
Av. peak positive LA strain rate (s-1) | 1.20 ± 0.32 | 1.00 ± 0.27 | 1.25 ± 0.32 | 0.003 |
Av. peak negative LA strain rate (s-1) | -1.37 ± 0.42 | -1.07 ± 0.22 | -1.45 ± 0.42 | <0.001 |
Av. peak-to-peak LA strain rate (s-1) | 2.6 ± 0.7 | 2.1 ± 0.4 | 2.7 ± 0.7 | <0.001 |
SD time-to-peak positive LA strain (ms) | 97.2 ± 47.1 | 110.4 ± 37.4 | 94.0 ± 48.9 | 0.097 |
LV global longitudinal systolic strain (%) | -12.6 ± 5.2 | -12.3 ± 2.9 | -12.6 ± 5.6 | 0.853 |
LV global longitudinal systolic strain rate (s-1) | -0.84 ± 0.22 | -0.82 ± 0.17 | -0.85 ± 0.23 | 0.617 |
Transesophageal echocardiogram data | ||||
LAA maximum emptying flow velocity (cm/s) | 26.8 ± 11.9 | 16.3 ± 4.2 | 29.2 ± 11.8 | <0.001 |
LAA maximum filling flow velocity (cm/s) | 33.8 ± 14.2 | 23.2 ± 8.4 | 36.2 ± 14.2 | 0.001 |
Dense spontaneous auto-contrast (≥ III/IV) | 32.9% (27) | 100% (16) | 16.7% (11) | <0.001 |