| |
Control
|
Total
|
Resting DLVOTO
|
Latent DLVOTO
|
§P
|
|---|
|
(n = 30)
|
(n = 168)
|
(n = 33)
|
(n = 135)
|
|---|
|
Age, yrs
|
70.5 ± 1.7
|
71.0 ± 10.9
|
68.5 ± 10.4
|
71.7 ± 11.0
|
0.134
|
|
Women, n (%)
|
17 (57)
|
98 (58)
|
19 (58)
|
79 (59)
|
0.922
|
|
Hypertension, n (%)
|
14 (47)
|
136 (81)
|
25 (76)
|
111 (82)
|
0.397
|
|
Diabetes, n (%)
|
5 (17)
|
54 (32)
|
7 (21)
|
47 (35)
|
0.134
|
|
SBP, mmHg
|
136.3 ± 14.6
|
129.0 ± 20.7*
|
122.9 ± 17.6
|
130.3 ± 21.2
|
0.095
|
|
DBP, mmHg
|
78.8 ± 7.5
|
71.2 ± 11.8†
|
71.4 ± 13.4
|
71.2 ± 11.5
|
0.948
|
|
LVEDD, mm
|
42.8 ± 3.4
|
39.3 ± 4.6†
|
39.1 ± 5.3
|
39.3 ± 4.4
|
0.785
|
|
LVESD, mm
|
28.1 ± 3.0
|
25.0 ± 3.3†
|
24.7 ± 3.8
|
25.0 ± 3.2
|
0.635
|
|
LVEDD/BSA, mm/m2
|
26.7 ± 2.9
|
24.1 ± 3.1†
|
23.6 ± 3.5
|
24.2 ± 3.0
|
0.303
|
|
LVESD/BSA, mm/m2
|
17.5 ± 2.5
|
15.3 ± 2.1†
|
14.9 ± 2.5
|
15.4 ± 2.0
|
0.255
|
|
LV ejection fraction, %
|
66.5 ± 6.1
|
69.0 ± 5.7*
|
69.5 ± 5.9
|
68.9 ± 5.6
|
0.558
|
|
LV mass index, g/m2
|
85.7 ± 15.7
|
89.0 ± 25.9
|
94.0 ± 31.2
|
87.7 ± 24.4
|
0.290
|
|
BST, mm
|
1.30 ± 0.16
|
1.72 ± 0.26†
|
1.76 ± 0.24
|
1.72 ± 0.26
|
0.372
|
|
PWTd, mm
|
9.67 ± 1.24
|
10.62 ± 1.70*
|
11.09 ± 1.76
|
10.51 ± 1.67
|
0.077
|
|
PWTs, mm
|
13.43 ± 1.72
|
14.37 ± 1.86*
|
14.82 ± 2.13
|
14.26 ± 1.78
|
0.123
|
|
IVTd, mm
|
10.07 ± 1.44
|
11.46 ± 1.96†
|
11.97 ± 2.20
|
11.34 ± 1.88
|
0.096
|
|
IVTs, mm
|
13.43 ± 1.72
|
15.02 ± 2.20†
|
15.33 ± 2.16
|
14.95 ± 2.21
|
0.369
|
|
Relative wall thickness
|
0.45 ± 0.07
|
0.55 ± 0.10†
|
0.58 ± 0.11
|
0.54 ± 0.10
|
0.084
|
|
E/A ratio
|
0.79 ± 0.13
|
0.69 ± 0.37
|
0.72 ± 0.32
|
0.68 ± 0.38
|
0.615
|
|
E/e’
|
10.1 ± 3.2
|
13.9 ± 5.1†
|
15.8 ± 7.1
|
13.6 ± 4.5
|
0.123
|
|
S’, cm/s
|
9.5 ± 1.3
|
8.4 ± 2.2
|
9.5 ± 3.3
|
8.1 ± 2.0
|
0.048
|
|
LA volume index, ml/m2
|
21.7 ± 5.3
|
25.6 ± 10.9*
|
27.5 ± 18.6
|
25.1 ± 8.0
|
0.480
|
|
LVESWS, g/cm2
|
57.1 ± 12.4
|
49.8 ± 13.0*
|
57.8 ± 16.9
|
48.0 ± 11.4
|
0.007
|
|
Any diuretics, n (%)
|
4 (13)
|
56 (33)*
|
12 (36)
|
44 (33)
|
0.680
|
|
CCB- dihydropyridine, n (%)
|
2 (7)
|
80 (48)†
|
17 (52)
|
63 (47)
|
0.398
|
|
CCBs-non-dihydropyrine, n (%)
|
0 (0)
|
7 (4)†
|
0 (0)
|
7 (4)
| |
|
Any BBs, n (%)
|
2 (7)
|
44 (26)*
|
7 (21)
|
37 (27)
|
0.468
|
|
Angle at end-diastole, °
|
145.6 ± 11.4
|
152.4 ± 12.3*
|
151.8 ± 11.9
|
152.5 ± 12.5
|
0.767
|
|
Angle at end-systole, °
|
154.8 ± 11.6
|
162.2 ± 11.8*
|
162.1 ± 11.2
|
162.3 ± 12.0
|
0.933
|
|
Δ PG, mmHg
| |
29.5 ± 17.5
|
29.1 ± 29.1
|
29.6 ± 15.3
|
0.946
|
|
PASP, mmHg
|
24.1 ± 5.3
|
28.8 ± 7.9*
|
32.2 ± 8.3
|
28.0 ± 7.6
|
0.007
|
- *p < 0.05, †p < 0.01, §resting DLVOTO vs. latent DLVOTO, SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LV, left ventricular; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic dimension; BSA, body surface area; BST, basal septal thickness; PWTd, end-diastolic left ventricular posterior wall thickness; LA, left atrial; LVESWS, left ventricular end-systolic wall stress; CCB, calcium channel blocker; BB, beta blocker; PG, pressure gradient.
