Figure 1

Calculation of PWV. Time (T) between the R wave of the EKG and the foot of the A) carotid and B) iliac pulse waves were determined and averaged over 3 consecutive beats. C) PWV was calculated as Distance (D)/ Time (T), where D = the distance from the carotid to the iliac applantation sites and T = the time (R to iliac foot) - (R to carotid foot).