Skip to main content
Figure 9 | Cardiovascular Ultrasound

Figure 9

From: Novel insights on effect of atrioventricular programming of biventricular pacemaker in heart failure – a case series

Figure 9

Effect of AVD change on stroke volume. Note progressive shortening of isovolumic contraction time (white arrows) and progressive increase in LV outflow tract VTI and ejection time until an AVD of 290 ms (A-D) is reached. Further increase in AVD leads to increase in isovolumetric contraction time and decrease in VTI (E and F). White rectangles at top left of each panel highlight data obtained from measurement of each individual beat.

Back to article page