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Table 3 Abnormalities at comprehensive Doppler echocardiography suggestive of structural heart disease without evidence of overt left ventricular systolic dysfunction and/or basal pulmonary capillary hypertension

From: Current clinical applications of spectral tissue Doppler echocardiography (E/E' ratio) as a noninvasive surrogate for left ventricular diastolic pressures in the diagnosis of heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function

2-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography*

-Mildly decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (45–54%) at 2D methods

-Abnormal left ventricular remodeling

-Left ventricular segmental wall motion abnormalities

-Increased left atrial size

Doppler echocardiography

-Doppler indexes suggestive of abnormal left ventricular relaxation: mitral inflow E/A ratio < 0.75; spectral tissue Doppler-derived lateral Ea velocity < 8 cm/s; color M-mode-derived Vp velocity < 45 cm/s

-Index of myocardial performance > 0.60

-Increased pulmonary artery pressure

  1. *: for more information, report to the ASE Committee Recommendations. Lang RM, et al. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005; 18: 1440–1463.