Table 1 Clinical and biochemical characteristics of controls and diabetic patients.
Parameters | Diabetes mellitus (n. 22) | Diabetes mellitus and hypertension (n. 23) | Controls (n. 22) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 52 ± 7 | 53 ± 8 | 53 ± 5 |
Obesity (%) | 18 | 21 | 0 |
Hypertension (%) | 0 | 100 | 0 |
Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 14 | 22 | 0** |
Smoking (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Family history of myocardial ischemia (%) | 15 | 17 | 8†|
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 127 ± 5§ | 138 ± 14** | 120 ± 14 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81 ± 7§§ | 82 ± 9** | 75 ± 7 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 75 ± 7** | 76 ± 10** | 67 ± 8 |
Mean diabetes duration (months) | 40 ± 18 | 36 ± 15 | - |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 167 ± 36§§ | 138 ± 25 | 87 ± 8 |
HbA1c (%) | 7.7 ± 2.2 | 7.0 ± 1.0 | 3.7 ± 2.2 |
Oral hypoglycaemic agents (%) | 77 | 74 | 0 |
Diet therapy (%) | 23 | 26 | 0 |
Anti-hypertensive theraphy (%) | Â | Â | Â |
   ACE-inhibitor | 9 | 65 | - |
   Angiotensin receptor antagonist | - | 22 | - |
   Diuretics | - | 22 | - |
   Calcium channel blockers | - | 22 | - |
   Beta-blockers | - | 17 | - |