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Figure 2 | Cardiovascular Ultrasound

Figure 2

From: Post-exercise contractility, diastolic function, and pressure: Operator-independent sensor-based intelligent monitoring for heart failure telemedicine

Figure 2

Computing force variation as a function of heart rate. Left panel, the systolic force-frequency relation. The amplitude of the vibration due to isovolumic myocardium contraction was obtained to record systolic force for each cardiac beat (red points). The curve of the systolic force variation as a function of heart rate was then computed; mobile mean (blue curve) was utilized to assess baseline, exercise, and recovery values. Middle, the curve of the systolic (pink line) and diastolic (black lines) time variation as a function of heart rate. Upper panel, a normal subject; lower panel, a patient with CHF shows prolonged systolic time with systolic/diastolic time reversal during exercise. At recovery, the systolic/diastolic time reversal is promptly normalized. Right panel, computing the second heart sound amplitude variation as a function of heart rate. All the parameters are acquired as instantaneous values during exercise (blue points) and recovery (red points); mobile mean (blue curve = exercise in progress; red curve = recovery) is recorded to assess arterial pressure changes.

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