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Table 1 Clinical, echocardiographic and catheterization data of the study population (n = 36)

From: Left atrial longitudinal strain by speckle tracking echocardiography correlates well with left ventricular filling pressures in patients with heart failure

 

PCWP <18 mmHg

(n = 15)

PCWP ≥18 mmHg

(n = 21)

p Value

Clinical data

   

Age

57.7 ± 8.1

57.3 ± 8.6

0.77

Gender (% female)

43.2

42.3

0.65

Body surface area (m2)

1.95 ± 0.2

1.94 ± 0.2

0.70

Hypertension

20 (89%)

12 (88%)

0.66

Diabetes mellitus

8 (36%)

5 (35%)

0.81

Hypercholesterolemia

17 (77%)

10 (75%)

0.51

Current smoker

2 (9%)

2 (12%)

0.44

Ischemic cause (%)

81%

82%

0.65

CRT-D

4 (28.6%)

7 (33.3%)

0.21

Medical therapy

   

Ace-inhibitors or ARB

10 (66.6%)

14 (66.6%)

0.81

Beta-blockers

8 (53.3%)

11 (52.3%)

0.66

Spironolactone

7 (46.7%)

9 (42.8%)

0.22

Loop diuretics

13 (86.7%)

18 (85.7)

0.44

Statins

9 (60.0%)

14 (66.7%)

0.32

Echocardiographic data

   

Left atrial area (cm2)

26.9 ± 5.9

33.1 ± 6.6

0.02

Left atrial volume indexed (ml/m2)

30.2 ± 9

41.1 ± 10.1

0.009

End-diastolic LV diameter (mm)

57.3 ± 8.3

63.0 ± 8.0

0.01

LV mass index (g/m2)

116.6 ± 31.3

118.3 ± 33.5

0.21

LV Ejection Fraction (%)

26.5 ± 3.5

25.7 ± 4.3

0.15

Mitral E (cm/s)

82.6 ± 33

99.4 ± 46

<0.001

Mitral E/A ratio

2.19 ± 1.1

3.66 ± 1.3

<0.001

Sm (cm/s)

5.0 ± 1.1

5.0 ± 1.2

0.81

Em (cm/s)

6.6 ± 1.8

6.2 ± 1.8

0.24

E/Em (cm/s)

12.6 ± 6.4

15.9 ± 7.9

0.01

Global PALS (%)

16.9 ± 4.0

9.8 ± 4.2

<0.001

4-chamber PALS (%)

14.3 ± 3.8

8.0 ± 3.6

<0.001

2-chamber PALS (%)

18.0 ± 4.6

11.2 ± 4.5

<0.001

Global TPLS (ms)

445 ± 81

410 ± 78

0.09

Catheterization data

   

Heart rate (bpm)

73.3 ± 15.3

76.0 ± 15.1

0.20

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

118 ± 19

116 ± 21

0.28

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

79 ± 11

76 ± 13

0.27

Mean PAP (mmHg)

21.8 ± 7.8

32.1 ± 9.9

<0.001

PCWP (mmHg)

13.1 ± 5.1

23.8 ± 7.4

<0.001

CI therm (ml/min/m2)

2.12 ± 0.7

2.13 ± 0.9

0.40

CI fick (ml/min/m2)

1.99 ± 0.4

1.97 ± 0.4

0.42

  1. (PCWP, Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; CRT-D, previous cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillation implantion; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; LV, left ventricular; E, early transmitral flow velocity; A, atrial transmitral flow velocity; Sm, systolic mitral annular velocity; Em, early diastolic mitral annular velocity; PALS, peak atrial longitudinal strain; TPLS, time-to-peak atrial longitudinal strain; PAP, pulmonary arterial pressure; CI therm, cardiac index estimated by thermodilution; CI fick, cardiac index estimated by the Fick equation.)
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Cardiovascular Ultrasound

ISSN: 1476-7120

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