Quantitative evaluation of longitudinal strain in layer-specific myocardium during normal pregnancy in China

Table 2 The morphological and functional changes in the left ventricle in pregnant women

Variable	Controls	Trimester 1	Trimester 2	Trimester 3	Postpartum
Variable	-	(13.6 ± 2.2)wk	(24.8 ± 3.4)wk	(38.1 ± 2.6)wk	(7.4 ± 2.4)wk
LVEDd (mm)	44.18 ± 2.50	45.28 ± 2.83	46.88 ± 3.40	48.84 ± 3.26*^†	46.31 ± 3.14
LVEDs (mm)	28.08 ± 2.84	28.24 ± 3.21	29.62 ± 2.91	30.46 ± 2.81*	28.72 ± 2.51
RWT	0.25 ± 0.09	0.27 ± 0.07	0.28 ± 0.05	0.29 ± 0.06*	0.26 ± 0.06
LVMi (g/m²)	59.25 ± 18.00	62.57 ± 24.81	66.37 ± 16.74	71.23 ± 14.46*^†	63.14 ± 16.08^‡
Sphericity index	0.27 ± 0.04	0.31 ± 0.07*	0.32 ± 0.05*^§	0.32 ± 0.06*	0.28 ± 0.06^‡
LVEDV(ml)	76.14 ± 21.20	81.39 ± 19.54	83.78 ± 14.58	87.72 ± 17.18*^†	82.77 ± 16.85^‡
LVESV(ml)	32.00 ± 7.29	33.91 ± 6.16	36.30 ± 7.96*	39.67 ± 7.98*	34.08 ± 8.32
LVEDV index (ml/m²)	44.06 ± 17.44	41.93 ± 18.61	49.33 ± 14.49^†	51.67 ± 12.65*^†	46.63 ± 16.49
EF (%)	67.57 ± 5.12	68.00 ± 5.21	65.46 ± 4.49^†	64.98 ± 3.93*^†	66.89 ± 4.91
Sm (cm/min)	7.01 ± 1.63	7.06 ± 1.24	6.82 ± 1.03	6.47 ± 1.21*^†	6.93 ± 1.72
E/Em	8.33 ± 1.07	11.56 ± 2.08*	12.46 ± 3.18*	13.34 ± 4.33*	9.04 ± 4.05

Data are given as mean ± SD, LVEDd indicates left ventricular end-diastolic dimension
LVEDs left ventricular end-systolic dimension, RWT relative wall thickness, LVMi left ventricular mass index, LVEDV indicates left ventricular end-diastolic volume, LVESV left ventricular end-systolic volume, EF ejection fraction, Sm average of peak systolic velocities, E peak early diastole transmitral wave velocity, Em average of peak early diastolic velocities
*P < 0.05 vs. Controls; ^†P < 0.05 vs. Trimester 1; ^‡P < 0.05 vs. Trimester 3;^§P < 0.05 vs. Postpartum

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