Table 1 Patients with limited exercise vs. good exercise capacity (6-MWT distance)
From: Different determinants of exercise capacity in HFpEF compared to HFrEF
Variable | All patients | 6MWT > 300 m | 6MWT ≤ 300 m | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 111) | (n = 70) | (n = 41) | ||
Clinical and biochemical data | ||||
Age (years) | 63 ± 10 | 61 ± 10 | 66 ± 9 | 0.008 |
Female (%) | 47 | 41 | 56 | 0.135 |
Smoking (%) | 31.5 | 30 | 34 | 0.676 |
Diabetes (%) | 28 | 20 | 41 | 0.027 |
Arterial hypertension (%) | 69.4 | 68.6 | 70.7 | 0.835 |
Waist/hips ratio | 0.97 ± 0.06 | 0.96 ± 0.06 | 0.98 ± 0.05 | 0.064 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.6 ± 4.1 | 28.7 ± 4.2 | 28.4 ± 3.8 | 0.764 |
BSA (m2) | 1.13 ± 0.2 | 1.15 ± 0.1 | 1.08 ± 0.1 | 0.067 |
Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 6.8 ± 2.8 | 6.4 ± 2.4 | 7.9 ± 2.9 | 0.009 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 1.2 | 4.9 ± 1.1 | 4.8 ± 1.2 | 0.439 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 0.747 |
Creatinine (μmol/L) | 96 ± 46 | 98 ± 56 | 93 ± 21 | 0.527 |
Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 12.7 ± 1.8 | 12.8 ± 1.6 | 12.3 ± 2.0 | 0.166 |
NT-ProBNP (pg/mL | 1178 ± 1635 | 970 ± 1286 | 1534 ± 2072 | 0.124 |
Baseline heart rate (beats/min) | 74 ± 16 | 71 ± 15 | 80 ± 13 | 0.004 |
Echocardiographic data | ||||
Ejection fraction (%) | 47 ± 15 | 48 ± 14 | 45 ± 15 | 0.409 |
IVSd (cm) | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.11 ± 0.1 | 0.923 |
Left atrium (cm) | 4.4 ± 0.8 | 4.2 ± 0.7 | 4.8 ± 0.9 | 0.001 |
LV EDD (cm) | 5.8 ± 1.0 | 5.7 ± 0.8 | 5.9 ± 1.1 | 0.319 |
LV ESD (cm) | 4.4 ± 1.2 | 4.2 ± 1.1 | 4.5 ± 1.3 | 0.281 |
Lateral MAPSE (cm) | 1.15 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.05 ± 0.3 | 0.051 |
Septal MAPSE (cm) | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.054 |
TAPSE (cm) | 2.15 ± 0.5 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 0.466 |
LVPWd (cm) | 1.05 ± 0.15 | 1.05 ± 0.2 | 1.05 ± 0.1 | 0.960 |
LVM (g) | 266 ± 85 | 260 ± 75 | 279 ± 101 | 0.324 |
LVMI (g/m2.7) | 58 ± 21 | 53 ± 16 | 67 ± 26 | 0.006 |
E/A ratio | 1.05 ± 0.7 | 1.0 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 0.414 |
E wave DT | 174 ± 49 | 178 ± 50 | 167 ± 44 | 0.228 |
Filling time (ms) | 414 ± 132 | 434 ± 141 | 376 ± 104 | 0.019 |
IVRT (ms) | 126 ± 41 | 131 ± 42 | 110 ± 34 | 0.037 |
PA acceleration time (ms) | 110 ± 24 | 114 ± 23 | 100 ± 21 | 0.006 |
E/e’ ratio | 11 ± 5.9 | 10 ± 4.1 | 13 ± 8.0 | 0.053 |
Lateral e’ (cm/s) | 6.1 ± 2.1 | 6.1 ± 2.4 | 6.0 ± 2.6 | 0.817 |
Lateral a’(cm/s) | 7.9 ± 3.6 | 8.1 ± 3.7 | 7.5 ± 3.5 | 0.461 |
Lateral s’ (cm/s) | 5.3 ± 1.6 | 5.5 ± 1.5 | 4.9 ± 1.6 | 0.101 |
Septal e’ (cm/s) | 4.9 ± 2.2 | 5.1 ± 2.2 | 4.6 ± 2.1 | 0.312 |
Septal a’ (cm/s) | 7.15 ± 2.3 | 7.5 ± 2.4 | 6.4 ± 1.8 | 0.018 |
Septal s’ (cm/s) | 4.4 ± 1.5 | 4.6 ± 1.6 | 4.0 ± 1.0 | 0.023 |
Right e’ (cm/s) | 8.7 ± 3.0 | 8.9 ± 3.1 | 8.3 ± 2.7 | 0.305 |
Right a’ (cm/s) | 12.5 ± 4.4 | 12.7 ± 4.3 | 11.8 ± 4.3 | 0.333 |
Right s’ (cm/s) | 8.8 ± 3.0 | 9.8 ± 2.8 | 8.0 ± 3.2 | 0.086 |
LAV max (ml) | 73 ± 35 | 68 ± 26 | 80 ± 47 | 0.218 |
LAV min (ml) | 40 ± 29 | 35 ± 20 | 49 ± 38 | 0.067 |
LA EF (%) | 47 ± 18 | 49 ± 17 | 45 ± 16 | 0.314 |