Fig. 1

Concept of 3D-echocardiography in small animals. a 3D-motor installed on the transducer. b 3D-motor allows the transducer to move unidirectional realizing 3DE. c Recording different cardiac slices during the cardiac cycle. d Chronogram demonstrating the link between spatial (3D) and temporal dimension (4D). e Multi-slice reconstruction of 3DE. f 3D-volume tracking of exemplary SHAM and TAC-mice along the cardiac cycle (4DE)