Table 1 General characteristics of the study population. Clinical and echocardiographic features of the study population
From: Left atrial strain reproducibility using vendor-dependent and vendor-independent software
Parameters | Normal group (n = 32) | AF group (n = 32) | Total (n = 64) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age(y) | 32.3 ± 10.3 | 55.9 ± 11.5 | 44.1 ± 16.1 | < 0.001 |
Hight (cm) | 162.2 ± 6.3 | 165.8 ± 7.2 | 164.0 ± 7.0 | 0.039 |
Weight (kg) | 58.1 ± 9.6 | 68.7 ± 12.4 | 63.4 ± 12.2 | < 0.001 |
Body weight index (kg/m2) | 21.9 ± 2.4 | 24.9 ± 3.3 | 23.4 ± 3.2 | < 0.001 |
Body surface area(m2) | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | < 0.001 |
Systolic pressure (mmHg) | 111.5 ± 7.9 | 132.3 ± 20.8 | 121.9 ± 18.8 | < 0.001 |
Diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 72.3 ± 6.2 | 75.3 ± 12.4 | 73.8 ± 9.8 | 0.224 |
2-chamber heart rate (bpm) | 68.1 ± 9.4 | 66.0 ± 11.9 | 67.1 ± 10.7 | 0.445 |
4-chamber heart rate (bpm) | 66.3 ± 9.8 | 67.9 ± 11.7 | 67.1 ± 10.7 | 0.549 |
LVDD (mm) | 44.8 ± 3.9 | 45.8 ± 4.7 | 45.3 ± 4.3 | 0.330 |
LVSD (mm) | 28.3 ± 3.6 | 28.8 ± 3.6 | 28.5 ± 3.6 | 0.581 |
E (cm/s) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.001 |
A (cm/s) | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.006 |
E/A | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | < 0.001 |
E/e’ | 7.8 ± 1.9 | 9.9 ± 3.8 | 8.8 ± 3.2 | 0.006 |
LVEF(%) | 66.8 ± 4.6 | 66.4 ± 7.3 | 66.6 ± 6.1 | 0.792 |
LVMI(g/m2) | 66.7 ± 12.0 | 91.4 ± 21.6 | 79.0 ± 21.4 | < 0.001 |
LAD (mm) | 30.3 ± 3.4 | 36.8 ± 5.3 | 33.5 ± 5.5 | < 0.001 |
LAVI (ml/m2) | 24.4 ± 5.9 | 31.7 ± 11.3 | 28.1 ± 9.7 | 0.002 |
LAVmax (ml) | 39.6 ± 10.8 | 55.7 ± 20.9 | 47.6 ± 18.4 | < 0.001 |
LAVmin (ml) | 15.3 ± 6.1 | 25.8 ± 15.5 | 20.6 ± 12.8 | < 0.001 |
LAVpreA (ml) | 21.9 ± 7.9 | 37.3 ± 18.5 | 29.6 ± 16.1 | < 0.001 |
Active LA emptying fraction (%) | 30.1 ± 11.8 | 31.4 ± 14.4 | 30.8 ± 13.1 | 0.695 |
Passive LA emptying fraction (%) | 44.9 ± 10.2 | 34.3 ± 13.2 | 39.6 ± 12.9 | < 0.001 |
LV emptying fraction (%) | 61.7 ± 8.6 | 55.2 ± 12.8 | 58.4 ± 11.3 | 0.020 |
LA expansion index(%) | 176.0 ± 73.4 | 140.3 ± 65.8 | 158.1 ± 71.5 | 0.045 |
Stroke | 0 | 1 (3.1) | 1 (1.6) | 1.000 |
Coronary heart disease | 0 | 6 (18.8) | 6 (9.4) | 0.024 |
Diabetes | 0 | 2 (6.3) | 2 (3.1) | 0.492 |
Hyperlipidemia | 1 (3.1) | 3 (9.4) | 4 (6.3) | 0.613 |
Hypertension |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
No | 32 (100.0) | 16 (50.0) | 48 (75.0) | Â |
Level 1 | 0 | 2 (6.3) | 2 (3.1) | Â |
Level 2 | 0 | 6 (18.8) | 6 (9.4) | Â |
Level 3 | 0 | 8 (25.0) | 8 (12.5) | Â |