General anesthesia and positive pressure ventilation suppress left and right ventricular myocardial shortening in patients without myocardial disease – a strain echocardiography study

Table 3 Echocardiographic data

	Awake patient	Anaesthesia + PPV	p-value
Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (%)	−19.1 ± 2.3	−17.3 ± 2.9	< 0.001
Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (ml/m²)	57 ± 18	47 ± 18	0.012
Left ventricular end-systolic volume index (ml/m²)	23 ± 8	20 ± 9	0.084
Time velocity integral of the LV outflow tract (cm)	18.6 ± 3.0	17.3 ± 2.9	< 0.001
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)	59 ± 8	56 ± 10	0.130
E-max (cm/sec)	69 ± 15	57 ± 13	< 0.001
A-max (cm/sec)	59 ± 19	43 ± 14	0.001
Left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time (ms)	69 ± 17	67 ± 21	0.781
Right ventricular free wall strain (%)	−26.8 ± 3.9	−24.1 ± 4.2	0.001
Tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity (cm/sec)	11.4 ± 3.0	9.2 ± 2.4	< 0.001
Tricuspid annular plane tissue doppler systolic excursion (mm)	2.4 ± 0.5	1.9 ± 0.4	< 0.001
Right ventricular end-diastolic area index (cm²/m²)	13 ± 3	12 ± 2	0.007
Right ventricular end-systolic area index (cm²/m²)	7 ± 2	7 ± 1	0.782
Right ventricular fractional area change (%)	46 ± 7	39 ± 7	0.013

PPV; positive pressure ventilation, E-max; maximum flow velocity during early LV diastolic filling, A-max; maximum flow velocity during late diastolic LV filling

ISSN: 1476-7120