From: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and echocardiographic exam: an useful interaction
Variables | Meaning | Normal values |
---|---|---|
Peak VO2 | Highest oxygen uptake (aerobic capacity) | > 85% of predicted Varies with age sex activity level, weight, use of betablockers |
Ventilatory threshold (VT) | Represents the moment at which anaerobic metabolism increases (aerobic-anaerobic switch) | Between 40 to 60% of peak VO2 |
Ventilatory volume/carbon dioxide output (VE/VCO2) slope | Corresponds to ventilatory efficiency | Between 25 and 30 |
Peak respiratory exchange ratio (VCO2/VO2) | Reflects metabolism | < 0.8 at rest > 1.1 physiological maximal effort |
Peak Heart rate | Chronotropic competence | Peak rate > 85% of the predicted |
Heart rate recovery | Maximum HR minus HR at 1-min recovery | > 12 bpm |
End-tidal PCO2 | Identifies the perfusion state | > 33 mmHg at rest > 36 mmHg during exercise |
O2 uptake efficiency slope | Additional logarithmic model of ventilatoryefficiency | < 1.4 |
Peak VE/Maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) | Reflects the ventilatory reserve | 15–20% |