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Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics

From: Comparison of global and regional myocardial strains in patients with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction vs hypertension vs age-matched control

 

HFpEF (n = 50)

HTN (n = 56)

Age-matched control (n = 46)

P value

Mean ± SD or n (%)

Age (years)

67.4 ± 8.75

59.8 ± 9.43

58.2 ± 6.34

<  0.001*

Male sex

19 (38.0)

29 (51.8)

22 (47.8)

0.349

Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

31.5 ± 6.79

26.9 ± 3.67

24.8 ± 3.38

<  0.001*

Systolic BP (mmHg)

120.8 ± 25.0

136.6 ± 16.5

129.2 ± 15.1

0.003*

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

65.5 ± 20.1

83.7 ± 10.7

82.4 ± 10.6

<  0.001*

Heart rate (beat/min)

67.4 ± 13.0

69.3 ± 10.2

69.4 ± 10.7

0.626

Atrial fibrillation

42 (84.0)

5 (8.9)

1 (2.1)

<  0.001 *

Risk factors

 Hypertension

35 (70.0)

56 (100.0)

1 (2.2)

<  0.001*

 Smoking

   

0.153

  Ex-smoker

11 (22.0)

9 (16.1)

7 (15.2)

 

  Current smoker

6 (12.0)

12 (21.4)

7 (15.2)

 

 Hyperlipidemia

31 (62.0)

19 (33.9)

3 (6.5)

<  0.001*

 Diabetes mellitus

16 (32.0)

1 (1.8)

0 (0.0)

<  0.001*

 Prior myocardial infarction

4 (8.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

<  0.001*

NT-proBNP (pg/dl)

677.6 ± 1077.5

87.7 ± 70.4

88.8 ± 102.9

0.021*

NYHA classification

   

<  0.001*

 I

1 (100)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 

 II

18 (100)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 

 III

19 (100)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 

Medications

 ACEi or ARB

22 (44.0)

8 (14.3)

0 (0.0)

<  0.001*

 Beta-blocker

27 (54.0)

17 (30.4)

2 (4.3)

<  0.001*

 Diuretics

28 (56.0)

20 (35.7)

0 (0.0)

<  0.001*

 Calcium channel blocker

14 (28.0)

16 (28.6)

0 (0.0)

<  0.001*

 Aspirin

30 (60.0)

15 (26.8)

1 (2.2)

<  0.001*

 Statin

24 (48.0)

15 (26.8)

1 (2.2)

<  0.001*

  1. The p-value denotes statistical significance comparing HFpEF, HTN and age-matched controls. *P <  0.05 by ANOVA (analysis of variance) or χ2-test. Data are listed as numbers (percentage of group), mean value. ACEi, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor; ARB, Angiotensin receptor blocker; BP, blood pressure; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HTN, hypertension; NT-proBNP, N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide; NYHA, new york heart association; SD, standard deviation