Fig. 4

Incremental values of LA and LAA MD for stroke risk stratification. a The initial model based on clinical and conventional echocardiographic parameters as well as strains was significantly improved by the addition of LA MD and further improved by adding LAA MD. b The same initial model was also significantly improved by the addition of LAA MD and further improved by adding LA MD. AF, atrial fibrillation; GLS, global longitudinal strain; i, indexed to body surface area; LA, left atrium; LAA, left atrial appendage; LAAEV, LAA emptying velocity; MD, mechanical dispersion; SEC, spontaneous echo contrast; Vmax, maximal volume