Table 1 Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of the study population

 Gender,male

133 (63.9)

20 (64.5)

113 (63.8)

0.94

 Age,years

63.58 ± 10.37

68.32 ± 7.57

62.75 ± 10.59

< 0.01

 Body mass index,kg/m²

24.37 ± 3.20

24.72 ± 3.07

24.31 ± 3.22

0.52

 Heart failure

33 (15.9)

10 (32.3)

23 (13.0)

< 0.01

 Coronary artery disease

37 (17.8)

7 (22.6)

30 (16.9)

0.45

 Hypertension

111 (53.4)

19 (61.3)

92 (52.0)

0.34

 Diabetes

45 (21.6)

8 (25.8)

37 (20.9)

0.54

 Hyperlipoproteinemia

58 (27.9)

5 (16.1)

53 (29.9)

0.11

 Persistent AF

120 (57.7)

20 (64.5)

100 (56.5)

0.40

 Anticoagulation

145 (69.7)

23 (74.2)

122 (68.9)

0.56

 CHA₂DS₂-VASc score before stroke

1.82 ± 1.26

2.29 ± 1.16

1.73 ± 1.26

0.02

 iLVESV,mL/m2

24.18 ± 9.40

27.82 ± 14.40

23.56 ± 8.17

0.13

 iLVEDV,mL/m2

66.84 ± 14.55

70.56 ± 17.95

66.21 ± 13.85

0.13

 LVEF,%

64.26 ± 8.24

61.58 ± 8.73

64.72 ± 8.09

0.05

 iLAAPd,mm/ m2

22.77 ± 3.82

23.48 ± 3.72

22.64 ± 3.83

0.26

 iLAVmin,mL/m2

27.88 ± 15.48

34.86 ± 18.81

26.63 ± 14.53

< 0.01

 iLAVmax,,mL/m2

41.67 ± 17.08

47.79 ± 22.96

40.57 ± 15.63

0.03

 LAEF, %

35.2 ± 16.00

28.56 ± 13.69

36.39 ± 16.13

0.01

 LAAEV,m/s

0.53 ± 0.24

0.45 ± 0.25

0.54 ± 0.23

0.09

 LAAFV,m/s

0.53 ± 0.20

0.47 ± 0.23

0.54 ± 0.20

0.10

 LAA dense SEC/thrombus

36 (18.5)

11 (40.7)

25 (14.9)

< 0.01

 ilAAVmin,mL/m2

1.89 ± 1.58

2.06 ± 1.53

1.86 ± 1.59

0.53

 iLAAVmax,mL/m2

4.24 ± 2.41

4.12 ± 2.58

4.26 ± 2.38

0.77

 LAAEF,%

57.30 ± 19.83

51.86 ± 16.81

58.19 ± 20.19

0.13

 LA GLS,%

18.08 ± 9.64

13.09 ± 7.01

19.99 ± 9.79

< 0.01

 LA MD,%

8.91 ± 3.76

11.56 ± 4.38

8.43 ± 3.44

< 0.01

 LAA GLS,%

12.15 ± 5.82

9.01 ± 3.12

12.66 ± 6.00

< 0.01

 LAA MD,%

11.53 ± 4.78

15.15 ± 5.46

10.94 ± 4.40

< 0.01