Left ventricular global longitudinal strain predicts elevated cardiac pressures and poor clinical outcomes in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy

Table 2 Echocardiographic characteristics of the study population, stratified by outcome

Variables	Total	Event-free group (n = 21)	Adverse cardiac event group (n = 20)	p-value
LVEF, %	25 (20, 34)	30 (25, 35)	21 (19, 23)	< 0.01
LV GLS, %	-8.1 ± 3.72	-9.9 ± 2.8	-6.2 ± 3.7	< 0.001
E/GLS [× 10²], cm/s	-8.9 (-18.0, -6.3)	-8.1 (-9.8, -5.8)	-14.8 (-25.6, -8.6)	< 0.01
LVEDD, cm	6.8 ± 0.8	6.6 ± 0.7	7.1 ± 0.9	0.06
LAVi, ml/m²	66 (50, 77)	55 (53, 76)	73 (46, 81)	0.63
Mitral DT, ms	164 (127, 194)	145 (111, 187)	142 (98, 187)	0.29
Mitral E/A	2.1 (0.9, 2.9)	2 (0.8, 2.7)	2.4 (1.2, 3.3)	0.44
Average E/e’	14.2 (12.3, 15.6)	13.7 (10.9, 15.1)	15.0 (13.1, 17.4)	0.13
Functional mitral regurgitation ≥ moderate, n (%)	24 (58)	11 (52)	13 (65)	0.41
Functional tricuspid regurgitation ≥ moderate, n (%)	16 (39)	6 (29)	10 (50)	0.16
RV end-diastolic diameter, cm	3.3 (3, 3.6)	3.2 (3.0, 3.5)	3.5 (3.1, 3.7)	0.08
Severely impaired RV systolic function, n (%)	13 (32)	5 (24)	8 (40)	0.27
TR systolic jet velocity (m/s)	2.7 (2.5, 3.2)	2.5 (2.4, 2.7)	2.8 (2.5, 3.0)	0.16

Values are expressed as: mean ± SD, median (25th percentile, 75th percentile) or n (%)
DT deceleration time, E/A ratio of early-diastolic LV inflow velocity (E) to atrial-systolic velocity (A), E/e’ ratio of early-diastolic LV inflow velocity (E) to early-diastolic mitral annular velocity (e´), E/GLS ratio of early-diastolic LV inflow velocity (E) to global longitudinal strain (GLS), GLS global longitudinal strain, LAVi left atrial indexed volume, LVEDD left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, TR tricuspid regurgitation

ISSN: 1476-7120