Table 2 Echocardiography

Heart rate (beats * min-1)

60 (41–79)

72 (57–100)

< 0.001

Septum_d (mm)

10 (7–12)

9 (7–11)

0.044

LVED_d (mm)

56 (46–68)

53 (47–61)

0.055

LVPWT_d (mm)

9.0 (7.0–11.0)

8.0 (6.0–10.0)

< 0.001

LVM (g)

225 (138–268)

168.5 (103–231)

< 0.001

LVED_d-A4Ch (mm)

57 (47–67)

53 (45–60)

0.005

LA-area (cm²)

20.0 (15.4–24.8)

17.5 (12.5–24.1)

0.005

RA-area (cm²)

20.0 (12.1–30.9)

16.0 (10.5–21.9)

< 0.001

3D-LAvolume (mL)

73 (49–106)

51 (35–88)

< 0.001

RVIT1-A4CH (mm)

38 (21–45)

34 (29–45)

0.053

TAPSE (mm)

27 (17–33)

26 (22–28)

0.009

RVFAC (%)

49 (40–58)

47 (37–55)

0.086

E-velocity (m * s⁻¹)

0.8 (0.6–1.2)

0.8 (0.5–1.2)

0.933

A-velocity (m * s-1)

0.4 (0.3–0.5)

0.5 (0.4–1.1)

< 0.001

EA-ratio

2.1 (1.5–3.0)

1.4 (0.9–2.3)

< 0.001

e-prim-mean (m * s-1)

0.17 (0.11–0.24)

0.17 (0.10–0.19)

0.746

E-eprim-ratio

5.1 (0.0–6.3)

5.0 (0.0–7.6)

0.682

2D-LVEDV (mL)

176 (128–239)

150 (112–178)

< 0.001

2D-LVESV (mL)

78 (53–114)

63 (41–77)

< 0.001

2D-LVEF (%)

56 (49–64)

57 (53–67)

0.329

3D-LVEDV (mL)

200 (145–245)

154 (117–195)

< 0.001

3D-LVESV (mL)

80 (60–128)

67 (40–93)

0.003

3D-LVSV (mL)

117 (79–148)

91 (68–107)

< 0.001

3D-LVEF (%)

59 (47–67)

58 (50–66)

1.000

2D-Echo-tissue-volume ratio

1 (1–1)

1 (0–1)

0.434

2D-LVGLS (%)

−19 (−24--15)

− 19 (− 22--14)

0.362

3D-Sphericity

0.45 (0.33–0.73)

0.33 (0.24–0.48)

< 0.001