|
CONTROL
| |
First beat
|
Last beat
| |
|---|
|
Ves
|
(mL)
|
42.0 ± 7.9
|
21.3 ± 6.4
|
#
|
|
Ved
|
(mL)
|
100.3 ± 12.7
|
69.2 ± 11.0
|
#
|
|
Pes
|
(mm Hg)
|
118.6 ± 4.5
|
100.7 ± 6.6
|
#
|
|
Ped
|
(mm Hg)
|
12.0 ± 4.3
|
1.9 ± 3.7
|
#
|
|
dPdtMax
|
(mm Hg/s)
|
2797 ± 429
|
3035 ± 526
|
#
|
|
EF
|
(%)
|
61.9 ± 6.2
|
70.5 ± 7.0
|
#
|
|
SW
|
(mm Hg mL)
|
7097 ± 1385
|
4544 ± 891
|
#
|
|
Tau
|
(ms)
|
34.30 ± 2.77
|
34.10 ± 3.61
| |
|
PHT
|
(ms)
|
20.85 ± 2.12
|
19.06 ± 2.56
| |
|
dPdtMin
|
(mm Hg/s)
|
−2776 ± 186
|
−2347 ± 158
| |
|
ADRENALINE
|
|
Ves
|
(mL)
|
32.0 ± 13.10
|
11.0 ± 7.4
|
#
|
|
Ved
|
(mL)
|
96.0 ± 32.4
|
62.9 ± 20.3
|
#
|
|
Pes
|
(mm Hg)
|
123.1 ± 18.0
|
98.0 ± 12.3
|
#
|
|
Ped
|
(mm Hg)
|
14.0 ± 6.9
|
3.0 ± 4.6
|
#
|
|
dPdtMax
|
(mm Hg/s)
|
5389 ± 1519
|
5416 ± 1538
| |
|
EF
|
(%)
|
72.6 ± 7.2
|
85.0 ± 9.7
|
#
|
|
SW
|
(mm Hg mL)
|
8725 ± 2833
|
5822 ± 2415
|
#
|
|
Tau
|
(ms)
|
24.12 ± 2.87
|
31.11 ± 2.80
|
#
|
|
PHT
|
(ms)
|
14.92 ± 2.24
|
16.54 ± 1.66
| |
|
dPdtMin
|
(mm Hg/s)
|
−3454 ± 775
|
−2314 ± 392
| |
|
BETA-BLOCKADE
|
|
Ves
|
(mL)
|
52.2 ± 9.7
|
23.5 ± 10.9
|
#
|
|
Ved
|
(mL)
|
105.1 ± 20.0
|
62.0 ± 14.3
|
#
|
|
Pes
|
(mm Hg)
|
115.5 ± 12.7
|
91.7 ± 9.3
|
#
|
|
Ped
|
(mm Hg)
|
12.9 ± 5.6
|
−0.6 ± 4.3
|
#
|
|
dPdtMax
|
(mm Hg/s)
|
1925 ± 527
|
1909 ± 473
| |
|
EF
|
(%)
|
55.4 ± 6.5
|
69.5 ± 16.7
|
#
|
|
SW
|
(mm Hg mL)
|
5907 ± 1675
|
3375 ± 826
|
#
|
|
Tau
|
(ms)
|
47.14 ± 20.61
|
36.84 ± 7.06
|
#
|
|
PHT
|
(ms)
|
26.40 ± 6.62
|
20.76 ± 5.06
|
#
|
|
dPdtMin
|
(mm Hg/s)
|
−2244 ± 414
|
−1992 ± 341
| |
- Ves = end-systolic volume; Ved = end-diastolic volume; Pes = end-systolic pressure; Ped = end-diastolic pressure; dPdt max = maximal rate of pressure increase; EF = ejection fraction; SW = stroke work; Tau = isovolumic relaxation time constant; PHT = pressure half time during diastole: dPdt min = maximal rate of pressure decrease. Data are presented as mean ± 95% confidence intervals, n = 7. # = p < 0.05 using Wilcoxons Signed Rank test vs. first beat.
