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Table 4 FORCE measurement for Force-Frequency Relation building

From: Cardiac reflections and natural vibrations: Force-frequency relation recording system in the stress echo lab

 

Ultrasound

Sound

Diagnostic vibrations

artificial

spontaneous

Imaging

yes

no

Wiggers cycle

ejection phase

isovolumic contraction

LV volumes needed

yes

no

Systolic pressure needed

yes

no

Hardware needed

2-D echo

accelerometer

Force display

off-line

on-line

Portability

difficult

simple

Remote transmission

difficult

simple

  1. To build the FFR the memorized parameters are the heart rate, the ventricular contractile force, and the curve of force variation as a function of heart rate. The force data can be derived with ultrasound or sound methods.
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Cardiovascular Ultrasound

ISSN: 1476-7120

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