Skip to main content

Table 3 Risk of non-fatal cardiac events associated with dobutamine stress test result in three ethnic groups

From: The prognostic value of dobutamine stress echocardiography amongst British Indian Asian and Afro-Caribbean patients: a comparison with European white patients

 

Afro-Caribbean

European White

Indian Asian

Parameter

HR (95 % CI)

P

HR (95 % CI)

P

HR (95 % CI)

P

Age (yrs)

1.025 (1.000-1.051)

0.050

1.020 (1.009-1.031)

0.001

1.018 (1.008-1.027)

0.002

Male gender

1.366 (0.793-2.353)

0.262

0.967 (0.534-1.752)

0.913

0.870 (0.720-1.052)

0.152

Hypertension

2.201 (1.089-4.449)

0.028

0.910 (0.721-1.149)

0.428

1.040 (0.823-1.315)

0.714

Diabetes mellitus

1.038 (0.549-1.963)

0.909

1.118 (0.865-1.445)

0.393

2.652 (2.538-2.790)

<0.001

Hypercholesterolemia

0.831 (0.434-1.590)

0.575

1.773 (1.624-1.959)

0.019

1.347 (1.073-1.691)

0.010

Family history of CVD

1.177 (0.582-2.380)

0.650

1.350 (1.078-1.691)

0.009

0.906 (0.717-1.145)

0.407

Prior myocardial infarction

1.311 (0.552-3.644)

0.164

1.126 (0.792-1.601)

0.509

1.028 (0.743-1.422)

0.868

Prior PCI

0.520 (0.223-1.211)

0.130

0.826 (0.631-1.081)

0.164

0.981 (0.793-1.214)

0.863

Prior CABG

2.496 (1.199-5.198)

0.015

1.043 (0.764-1.424)

0.790

0.781 (0.590-1.034)

0.085

Smoking history

 

0.565

 

0.252

 

0.658

 

Non-smoker

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 
 

Ex-smoker

0.738 (0.263-2.076)

 

0.871 (0.671-1.130)

 

1.028 (0.709-1.491)

 
 

Current smoker

1.260 (0.365-4.347)

 

1.375 (1.004-1.885)

 

1.326 (0.867-2.027)

 

ACE inhibitor

0.963 (0.507-1.830)

0.909

0.989 (0.780-1.253)

0.925

1.029 (0.833-1.272)

0.788

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

1.090 (0.513-2.313)

0.823

1.099 (0.822-1.469)

0.524

1.158 (0.909-1.474)

0.236

Beta blockers

0.965 (0.532-1.751)

0.906

0.805 (0.644-1.008)

0.059

0.766 (0.625-0.939)

0.010

Calcium antagonists

1.532 (0.838-2.801)

0.166

0.871 (0.685-1.108)

0.261

0.985 (0.801-1.212)

0.888

Lipid-lowering agents

0.969 (0.509-1.843)

0.922

0.715 (0.579-0.883)

0.002

0.868 (0.701-1.073)

0.191

Fixed wall motion abnormality

0.879 (0.116-1.240)

0.109

0.933 (0.628-1.384)

0.729

0.827 (0.555-1.234)

0.353

Resting wall motion score index

0.749 (0.220-9.947)

0.304

1.489 (1.200-1.848)

0.008

1.991 (1.985-1.997)

0.003

Peak wall motion score index

2.273 (2.114-17.483)

0.038

3.092 (3.026-6.306)

<0.001

3.643 (3.254-12.033)

<0.001

New wall motion abnormality

2.026 (1.121-2.351)

<0.001

2.105 (1.166-2.251)

<0.001

2.490 (1.340-4.620)

<0.001

Number of Ischaemic LV Segments

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

0 LV segments

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 
 

1-3 LV segments

1.092 (1.036-1.238)

 

1.171 (1.121-1.242)

 

1.62 (1.44-4.18)

 
 

>3 LV segments

2.192 (2.146-4.238)

 

2.803 (2.567-5.138)

 

3.040 (2.68-7.70)

 
  1. Note: CVD Cardiovascular disease, PCI Percutaneous coronary intervention, CABGS Coronary artery bypass graft surgery, ACE Angiotensin converting enzyme
Back to article page

Cardiovascular Ultrasound

ISSN: 1476-7120

Contact us