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Table 1 Baseline characteristics and in-hospital arrival vital signs of the study population
| Characteristics | Total study population (n = 68) | Dyspnea of cardiac origin (n = 27) | Dyspnea of non- cardiac origin (n = 41) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 78 ± 12 | 80 ± 9 | 77 ± 14 |
| Men (%) | 62 | 56 | 66 |
| Heart Rate (bpm) | 97 ± 25 | 91 ± 27 | 100 ± 24 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 135 ± 24 | 138.7 ± 26.4 | 132.9 ± 22.6 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 78 ± 15 | 81.8 ± 14.9 | 75.3 ± 14.3 |
| Respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 24 ± 6 | 22 ± 6 | 25 ± 6 |
| Oxygen saturation (%) | 92 ± 6 | 93 ± 4 | 92 ± 7 |
| PaO2/Fio2 | 269 ± 92 | 292 ± 75 | 254 ± 100 |
| Body temperature (°C) | 37 ± 1 | 36 ± 1* | 37 ± 1 |
| White Blood cell (×103/ml) | 12.0 ± 5.8 | 10.4 ± 5.5 | 13.1 ± 5.7 |
| Neutrophils (%) | 77 ± 11 | 73 ± 10* | 79 ± 11 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 12.7 ± 2.3 | 12.3 ± 2.1 | 12.9 ± 2.4 |
| C reactive protein (mg/dl) | 66 ± 79 | 51 ± 71 | 73 ± 82 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 2.4 ± 2.1 | 2.6 ± 2.9 | 2.3 ± 1.3 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.2 ± 0.9 | 1.48 ± 1.21 | 1.09 ± 0.47 |
| History of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease (%) | 49 | 32* | 59 |
| History of Heart Failure (%) | 41 | 60* | 29 |
