Effect of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on cardiac function and cardiovascular outcome: a systematic review

Table 1 Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiac function

	Subjects	Observation period	Improved cardiac parameters	Other evaluation^a	SGLT2 inhibitor	Reference
Clinical studies	T2DM	12 weeks	LV mass index, e’	No	Empagliflozin	[23]
	T2DM	12 weeks	LV mass index, E’	No	Canagliflozin	[24]
	T2DM	24 weeks	LV mass index, LA volume index, E/e’	No	Dapagliflozin	[25]
	T2DM	24 weeks	EF, E/E’	No	Tofogliflozin	[26]
	T2DM	24 weeks	EDV	CMR	Empagliflozin	[27]
Animal experiments	db/db mice	5 weeks	E’/A’, E/E’, CO, SV, LA	No	Empagliflozin	[31]
	ob/ob mice	6 weeks	E, DT, Tau, EDPVR	PV analysis	Empagliflozin	[10]
	SKO mice	8 weeks	EF, E/A, DT, IVRT, LV wall thickness	CMR	Dapagliflozin	[42]
	BTBR mice	8 weeks	EF, FS, EDV, ESV, LV wall thickness	No	Dapagliflozin	[15]
	CRDH rats	11 weeks	LV mass, ESd, E/A, DT, IVRT	No	Empagliflozin	[32]
	db/db mice	4 weeks	E	No	Empagliflozin	[22]
	SHR rats	12 weeks	EDV, ESV, ESPVR, dP/dt	PV analysis	Empagliflozin	[11]
	KK-Ay mice	8 weeks	EF, FS, EDd, E/A, LV wall thickness	No	Empagliflozin	[16]
	Human, mice and ZDF rats	30 min	E/A, IVRT	No	Empagliflozin	[43]
	Pre-DM rats	4 weeks	EF, ESd, LV wall thickness	PV analysis	Dapagliflozin	[12]
	Non-DM mice	2 weeks	EF, CO	Ex vivo perfused hearts model	Empagliflozin	[19]
	Non-DM pigs	8 weeks	EF, LV mass, EDV, ESV, GLS, GCS, GRS	CMR	Empagliflozin	[20]
	Non-DM rats	10 weeks	EF, LV mass	No	Empagliflozin	[21]
	Non-DM rats	145 min	PRSW	PV analysis	Canagliflozin	[13]
	Non-DM rats	4 weeks	LV mass, ESd, Tau, Wall stress	PV analysis	Empagliflozin	[14]
	Non-DM mice	4 weeks	EF, FS, ESd, LV mass	No	Dapagliflozin	[44]
	DCM mice	6 weeks	EF, EDd, ESd	No	Empagliflozin	[17]

A velocity of late mitral flow, A’ late peak velocity of septal annulus, CMR Cardiac magnetic resonance, CO Cardiac output, CRDH Cohen-Rosenthal diabetic hypertensive, DCM Dilated cardiomyopathy, DT E wave deceleration time, E velocity of early mitral flow, e’ early peak velocity of lateral annulus, E’ early peak velocity of septal annulus, EDd End diastolic diameter, EDPVR End diastolic pressure volume relationship, EDV End diastolic volume, EF Ejection fraction, ESd End systolic diameter, ESPVR End systolic pressure volume relationship, ESV end systolic volume, FS Fractional shorting, GCS Global circumferential straining, GLS Global longitudinal strain, GRS Global radial strain, IVRT Isovolumetric relaxation time, LA Left atrial, LV Left ventricular, PRSW Preload recruitable stroke work, PV Pressure-volume, SGLT2 Sodium glucose cotransporter 2, SHR Spontaneous hypertensive rats, SKO Seipin knockout, SV Stroke volume, T2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus, ZDF Zucker diabetic fatty
^aOther cardiac functional evaluation except echocardiography

ISSN: 1476-7120