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Table 1 Demographic, clinical, and transthoracic echocardiographic characteristics

From: Left atrial reservoir strain measurements derived from intracardiac echocardiography in patients with atrial fibrillation: comparison with transthoracic echocardiography

 

Overall

(n = 110)

Paroxysmal AF (n = 71)

Persistent AF (n = 39)

P-value

Age, years

60 ± 10

60 ± 10

59 ± 10

0.519

Gender, male (%)

78(70.9)

45(63.4)

33(84.6)

0.019

Body mass index, kg/m2

26.4 ± 3.0

26.2 ± 3.0

26.8 ± 2.9

0.322

Body surface area, m2

1.87 ± 0.16

1.85 ± 0.16

1.89 ± 0.16

0.188

Heart rhythm when performing echocardiographic exam (%)

 < 0.001

Sinus rhythm

63(57.3)

61(85.9)

2(5.1)

 

AF rhythm

47(42.7)

10(14.1)

37(94.9)

 

Heart rate, beats/min

77 ± 17

71 ± 13

89 ± 16

 < 0.001

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

132 ± 17

133 ± 17

130 ± 16

0.386

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

80 ± 11

78 ± 10

84 ± 11

0.008

Hypertension (%)

65(59.1)

44(62.0)

21(53.8)

0.407

Dyslipidemia (%)

33(30.0)

19(26.8)

14(35.9)

0.317

Coronary artery disease (%)

11(10.0)

7(9.9)

4(10.3)

 > 0.999

Diabetes mellitus (%)

19(17.3)

12(16.9)

7(17.9)

0.889

Medication (%)

 Beta-blockers

49(44.5)

39(54.9)

10(25.6)

0.003

 Calcium channel blockers

36(32.7)

24(33.8)

12(30.8)

0.746

 ACE inhibitors/ARBs

34(30.9)

20(28.2)

14(35.9)

0.401

 Statins

36(32.7)

22(31.0)

14(35.9)

0.599

 Diuretics

9(8.2)

1(1.4)

8(20.5)

 < 0.001

 NT-pro-BNP (pg/mL)

232(81,663)

127(57,366)

626(376,899)

 < 0.001

 IVSd, mm

10 ± 2

10 ± 2

10 ± 2

0.222

 PWd, mm

9 ± 2

9 ± 2

9 ± 2

0.394

 LV EDD, mm

49 ± 8

48 ± 8

51 ± 7

0.076

 LV ESD, mm

32 ± 6

31 ± 6

33 ± 7

0.057

 LV EDV, mL

74 ± 19

73 ± 19

75 ± 20

0.617

 LV ESV, mL

31 ± 11

29 ± 9

36 ± 12

0.001

 LV EF, %

58 ± 8

61 ± 7

53 ± 7

 < 0.001

 LV Edt, msec

178 ± 49

185 ± 50

165 ± 46

0.039

 LV E wave, cm/sec

82 ± 21

76 ± 19

93 ± 20

 < 0.001

 LV septal e’, cm/sec

8 ± 3

7 ± 2

9 ± 2

 < 0.001

 LV lateral e’, cm/sec

10 ± 3

9 ± 3

12 ± 4

 < 0.001

 E/e’ mean

10 ± 4

10 ± 5

9 ± 4

0.395

 TR velocity, cm/sec

207 ± 86

188 ± 92

243 ± 58

 < 0.001

 LAD-AP, mm

41 ± 6

39 ± 5

44 ± 5

 < 0.001

 LAD-SI, mm

63 ± 7

61 ± 6

68 ± 7

 < 0.001

 LAD-ML, mm

42 ± 5

41 ± 5

45 ± 5

 < 0.001

 LAVmax, mL

75 ± 23

67 ± 19

91 ± 20

 < 0.001

 LAVmax index, mL/m2

40 ± 12

36 ± 9

48 ± 11

 < 0.001

 LAVmin, mL

49 ± 22

38 ± 16

67 ± 18

 < 0.001

 LA EF, %

38 ± 13

44 ± 11

27 ± 7

 < 0.001

 LA EI, %

68 ± 37

85 ± 34

38 ± 15

 < 0.001

  1. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, median (25th-75th percentile), or n (%)
  2. ACE Angiotensin-converting enzyme, AF Atrial fibrillation, ARBs Angiotensin receptor blockers, A Wave mitral late diastolic mitral inflow, EDD End-diastolic diameter, Edt E wave deceleration time, EDV End-diastolic volume, E/e’ Mean ratio of early diastolic mitral inflow to mean mitral annular tissue velocities, EF Ejection fraction, ESD End-systolic diameter, ESV End-systolic volume, E Wave mitral early diastolic mitral inflow, IVSd Interventricular septum thickness at diastole, LA Left atrial, LAD-AP Left atrial anteroposterior diameter dimension, LAD-ML Left atrial middle diameter dimension, LAD-SI Left atrial supero-inferior diameter dimension, LA EI LA expansion index, Lateral e’ Mitral lateral annular tissue velocity, LAVmax Left atrial maximal volume, LAVmin Left atrial minimal volume, LV Left ventricular, NT-pro-BNP N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, PWd Posterior wall thickness at diastole, Septal e’ Mitral septal annular tissue velocity, TR Tricuspid regurgitation
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Cardiovascular Ultrasound

ISSN: 1476-7120

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