Streeter DD, Spotnitz HM, Patel DP, Ross J, Sonnenblick EH: Fibre orientation in the canine left ventricle during diastole and systole. Circ Res. 1969, 24: 339-47.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Greenbaum RA, Ho SY, Gibson DG, Becker AE, Anderson RH: Left ventricular fibre architecture in man. Br Heart J. 1981, 45: 248-63. 10.1136/hrt.45.3.248
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Anderson RH, Yen Ho S, Redmann K, Sanchez-Quintana D, Lunkenheimer PP: The anatomical arrengement of the myocardial cells making up the ventricular mass. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2005, 28: 517-25. 10.1016/j.ejcts.2005.06.043
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hamilton WF, Rompf JH: Movements of the base of the ventricle and the relative constancy of the cardiac volume. Am J Physiol. 1932, 102: H559-65.
Google Scholar
Hoffman EA, Ritman EL: Invariant total heart volume in the intact thorax. Am J Physiol. 1985, 249: H883-90.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Slager CJ, Hooghoudt TE, Serruys PW, Schuurbiers JC, Reiber JH, Meester GT, Verdouw PD, Hugenholtz PG: Quantitative assessment of regional left ventricular motion using endocardial landmarks. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986, 7: 317-26.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Assmann PE, Slager CJ, Dreysse ST, Borden van der SG, Oomen JA, Roelandt JR: Two-dimensional echocardiographic analysis of the dynamic geometry of the left ventricle: the basis for an improved model of wall motion. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1988, 1: 393-405.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gorman JH, Gupta KB, Streicher JT, Gorman RC, Jackson BM, Ratcliffe MB, Bogen DK, Edmunds LH: Dynamic three-dimensional imaging of the mitral valve and left ventricle by rapid sonomicrometry array localization. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1996, 112: 712-26. 10.1016/S0022-5223(96)70056-9
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Höglund C, Alam M, Thorstrand C: Atrioventricular valve displacement in healthy persons. An echocardiographic study. Acta Med Scand. 1988, 224: 557-62.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Simonson JS, Schiller NB: Descent of the base of the left ventricle: An echocardiographic index of the left ventricular function. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1989, 2: 25-35.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Alam M, Rosenhamer G: Atrioventricular plane displacement and left ventricular function. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1992, 5: 427-33.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rydberg E, Erhardt L, Brand B, Willenheimer R: Left atrioventricular plane displacement determined by echocardiography: a clinically useful, independent predictor of mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease. J Intern Med. 2003, 254: 479-85. 10.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01218.x
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Carlhäll C, Hatle L, Nylander E: A novel method to assess systolic ventricular function using atrioventricular plane displacement – a study in young healthy males and patients with heart disease. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2004, 24: 190-5. 10.1111/j.1475-097X.2004.00547.x
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mele D, Pedini I, Alboni P, Levine RA: Anatomic M-mode: a new technique for quantitative assessment of left ventricular size and function. Am J Cardiol. 1998, 81: 82G-85G. 10.1016/S0002-9149(98)00060-5
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Strotmann JM, Kvitting J-PE, Wilkenshoff UM, Wranne B, Hatle L, Sutherland GR: Anatomic M-mode echocardiography: a new approch to assess regional myocardial function – a comparative in vivo and in vitro study of both fundamental and second harmonic imaging modes. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1999, 12: 300-7. 10.1016/S0894-7317(99)70050-7
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Isaaz K, Thompson A, Ethevenot G, Cloez B, Brembilla JL, Pernot C: Doppler echocardiographic measurement of low velocity motion of left ventricular posterior wall. Am J Cardiol. 1989, 64: 66-75. 10.1016/0002-9149(89)90655-3
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
McDicken WN, Sutherland GR, Moran CM, Gordon LN: Colour Doppler velocity imaging of the myocardium. Ultrasound Med Biol. 1992, 18: 651-4. 10.1016/0301-5629(92)90080-T
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sutherland GR, Stewart MJ, Groundstroem KW, Moran CM, Fleming A, Guell-Peris FJ, Riemersma RA, Fenn LN, Fox KA, McDicken WN: Colour Doppler myocardial imaging: a new technique for the assessment of myocardial function. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1994, 7: 441-58.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kukulski T, Voigt JU, Wilkenshoff UM, Strotmann JM, Wranne B, Hatle L, Sutherland GR: A comparison of regional myocardial velocity information derived by pulsed and color Doppler techniques: An in vitro and in vivo study. Echocardiography. 2000, 17: 639-51. 10.1046/j.1540-8175.2000.00639.x
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
McCulloch M, Zoghbi WA, Davis R, Thomas C, Dokainish H: Color tissue Doppler myocardial velocities consistently underestimate spectral tissue Doppler velocities: impact on calculation peak transmitral pulsed Doppler velocity/early diastolic tisssue Doppler velcity (E/Ea). J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2006, 19: 744-8. 10.1016/j.echo.2006.01.020
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mondillo S, Galderisi M, Ballo P, Marino PN, : Left ventricular systolic longitudinal function: comparison among simple M-mode, pulsed, and M-mode color tissue Doppler of mitral annulus in healthy individuals. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2006, 19: 1085-91. 10.1016/j.echo.2006.04.005
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ballo P, Bocelli A, Motto A, Mondillo S: Concordance between M-mode, pulsed tissue Doppler and colour tissue Doppler in the assessment of mitral annulus systolic excursion in normal subjects. Eur J Echocardiography. 2008, 9: 748-53. 10.1093/ejechocard/jen130.
Article
Google Scholar
Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2005, 18: 1440-63.
Lind B, Nowak J, Cain P, Quintana M, Brodin L-Å: Left ventricular isovolumic velocity and duration variables calculated from colour-coded myocardial velocity images in normal individuals. Eur J Echocardiography. 2004, 5: 284-93. 10.1016/j.euje.2003.11.007.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Altman DG, Bland JM: Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986, 1 (8476): 307-310.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Strotmann JM, Hatle L, Sutherland GR: Doppler myocardial imaging in the assessment of normal and ischemic myocardial function – past, present and future. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2001, 17: 89-98. 10.1023/A:1010679522539
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Guth B, Savage R, White F, Hagan A, Samotoy L, Bloor C: Detection of ischemic wall dysfunction: comparison between M-mode echocardiography and sonomicrometry. Am Heart J. 1984, 107: 449-57. 10.1016/0002-8703(84)90085-1
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yumi Hayashi S, Lind BI, Seeberger A, Mazza do Nascimento M, Lindholm BJ, Brodin L-Å: Analysis of mitral annulus motion measurements derived from M-mode, amatomic M-mode, tissue Dopppler displacement, and 2-dimensional strain imaging. J Am Soc Echocradiogr. 2006, 19: 1092-101. 10.1016/j.echo.2006.04.014.
Article
Google Scholar
Vinereanu D, Khokhar A, Fraser AG: Reproducibility of pulsed wave tissue Doppler echocardiography. Am J Soc Echocardiogr. 1999, 12: 492-9. 10.1016/S0894-7317(99)70086-6.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Lui EY, Steinman AH, Cobbold RS, Johnston KW: Human factors as a source of error in peak Doppler velocity measurement. J Vasc Surg. 2005, 42: 972-9. 10.1016/j.jvs.2005.07.014
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sutherland GR, Bijnens B, McDicken WN: Tissue Doppler echocardiography: Historical perspective and technological considerations. Echocardiography. 1999, 16: 445-53. 10.1111/j.1540-8175.1999.tb00091.x
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cain P, Baglin T, Case C, Spicer D, Short L, Marwick TH: Application of tissue Doppler to interpretation of dobutamine echocardiography and comparison with quantitative coronary angiography. Am J Cardiol. 2001, 87: 525-31. 10.1016/S0002-9149(00)01425-9
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mädler CF, Payne N, Wilkenshoff U, Cohen A, Derumeaux GA, Piérard LA, Engvall J, Brodin L-Å, Sutherlamd GR, Frazer AG: Non-invasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease by quantitative stress echocardiography: optimal diagnostic models using off-line tissue Doppler in the MYDISE study. Eur Heart J. 2003, 24: 1584-94. 10.1016/S0195-668X(03)00099-X
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar